动名词的用法_英语动名词的用法总结

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10条解答




1.动名词的用法是什么?

动名词即通俗的动词ING形式,有下列几种啦通常 1,作名词Swimming is good for us. 2,作表语The girl was crying。 3,作补语We ate dinner together,silmeing


2.请教英语中动名词的用法

英语中动名词一般为动词后加ing,与正在进行时中的分词相同,主要表描述 ,但用法与现在分词还是有很大不同的,特点一般大概有2个
1、本身由动词变化而来,有与动词的相同的性质能带自己的宾语、状语等,如果带上宾语、状语等,就为动名词短语
2、,动名词相当于一个名词,所以呢,可以在句中作主语、宾语... 所以而然,动名词也就具备了像名词一样的"所有格形式'. 以下列了些作不同成分时的特性
1、作主语 动名词是由动词变化而来,所以,动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。
2、作定语 动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍,一般只限于单个的动名词作定语,表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。
3、 作表语 动名词作表语的时候,特别要注意不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语,表达的是“某件事”等。例如
4、作宾语
(1) 动名词跟在及物动词后做宾语。
(2) 在介词后面也要用动名词作宾语。
(3) 介词后面接动名词时,动名词短语也可以用完成时态或被动语态。
(4 一些动词后的动名词虽然是被动意义,但不用被动语态 额,比较乱和复杂,不过仔细看看能懂的,其他希望包容


3.动名词的用法

it作形式主语,真正的主语或者宾语可以是三种形式,to do(不定式 、doing(动名词 和主语从句,其中前两种形式也可是包含逻辑主语的复合结构
1、接不定式,it is adj to do 复合结构为it is adj for/of sb to do。其中,属于性格特征描述的adj用of sb,如 It is so kind of you to invite me It is easy to finish the work
2、接动名词的结构常常为,It is no use/ no good/ a waste of time (for sb doing sth. 括号中为复合结构
3、主语从句,这就涉及你说的(should do形式,正确的结构是 It is adj (for/of sb) that 从句。此处that 从句为真正的主语,此从句中的谓语部分用(should do形式。实际上这是一种虚拟语气的用法。


4.动名词的用法(详解


1. 动名词 动名词的形式是动词+ing,动名词从它的名称上就知道它具有动词和名词的功能,它在句中,可作主语、表语、宾语、定语。  下面我们就它的句法功能一一例举
(1 动名词作主语 a. Fishing is a relaxing pastime. 垂钓是一种轻松的消遣。 Climbing a mountain is tiring. 登山很累。 b. 在某些形容词如good,boring,foolish,wonderful,use-less,difficult,nice等作表语,动名词作主语时,可用it作形式主语。如 his boring watching TV all day. 整天看电视非常枯燥。 It is difficult translating poems into other languages. 把诗词译成其他语言很难。 c. 但在有些形容词如important,essential,impossible,necessary等作表语时,主语只能用动词不定式,而不能用动名词。如It's important to keep fit. 身体健康是很重要的。 d. 在It is+no good/no use/fun等名词作表语时,后用动名词。这时it 也是形式主语,而动名词短语为主语。如 It's fun sailing in the sea. 在海上航行是很有趣的。 e. 我们常见的标语牌“禁止……”是由“No+动名词”构成。 如 No parking. 禁止停车。
 No smoking.禁止吸烟。
(2 动名词作表语 My favorite pastime is playing chess. 我的最大的业余爱好是下棋。
(3 动名词作宾语 a. 作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有advise,avoid,delay,escape,excuse,en-joy,consider,finish,deny,fancy,keep,mind(在乎 postphone,pardon,practise,suggest,imagine等。need,want,require后接动名词,表示被动意义。如 Would you mind opening the door?请你把门打开好吗? Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 有些动词如think,find,consider可用it作形式宾语。 如 I think it use less talking to such a man. 我想对这样的人谈话是无用的。 We found it great fun collecting stamps. 我们发现集邮很有趣。 b. 作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport,I saw my mother standing in the crowd,waving to me. 一到机场,我就看见我母亲站在人群中,向我招手。 c. 作某些词组的宾语 常见的词组有give up,go on,put off,can't help,can't stand,be worth,be devoted to,be austomed to,be used to,object to insist on,look forward to,besure of,be keen on,be fond of,be good at,be tired of,be interested in,be afraid of等。例 I'm looking forward to having the summer holiday in Kun-ming. 我盼望去昆明度暑假。 He gave up smoking several months ago. 几个月前,他戒烟了。 某些词组后接动名词作宾语时,可省略词组中的介词。常见的词组如下 He spends hours(in reading newspapers everyday.他每天花数小时阅读报纸。 We mustn't waste time(in arguing.我们不能浪费时间争论。 The young doctor lacks experience(in doing such kind of operation. 那年轻的医生在动这种手术上缺乏经验。 我们必须阻止这些十多岁的孩子吸烟。 他们讲英语(没 有困难。 We had a hard time(in finding jobs. 我们一度找工作找得很苦。 They earn a living(by doing housework for other families. 他们为别的家庭做家务来谋生计。
(4 动名词作定语 This swimming pool is big. 这个游泳池很大。 动名词作定语的词组有 a sleeping car 卧铺车厢; a dining-room 餐厅; a walking stick 文明杖; a waiting-room 候车室; a shopping centre 购物中心;等等。
2. 动名词与不定式的区别
(1 ,动名词表示的是一般或笼统的动作,而不定式则往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。试比较
(2 有些动词后既可用动名词,也可用不定式,但有的意义一样,有的意义却不同。如 a. 在need,want,require后接动名词和动词不定式的被动式,意义相同,都表示被动,并都带有在客观上需要……的意思。如 这电视机需要修理。 这小孩需要照顾。 这台洗衣机需要检查。 b. 在begin,start,continue后接动名词和不定式都可以,一般情况下意义相同。如 去年他们开始打篮球。 但如果碰到以下情况,begin和start后须用动词不定式 (a 主语是物 The milk began to boil. 牛奶开始煮沸了。 (b 后接心理活动或状态的动词 They began to know the danger ahead of them. 他们开始意识到他们有危险。  (c begin和start用于进行时态 They were starting to have dinner when 1 went in. 我进去时他们刚要吃饭。 (d 后接被动式 The TV tower started to be built several years ago. 电视塔是在几年前开始建造的。 c. 在hate,like,love,prefer后可接动名词,也可接不定式,但意义不同,接动名词表示经常发生的动作,而接动词不定式则表示某一具体的动作。如 d. 在remember,fet,regret后接动名词表示已做过的事,而接动词不定式表示动作还未发生。如 e. 又如mean,try,go on,s后接动名词和动词不定式,意义完全不同 meandoing意味着……/mean to do 想…… His breaking the arm meant his doing things carelessly. 他摔坏了手臂意味着他做事粗心。 I meant to say I was sorry. 我想说声对不起。 try doing试试看(用某种方法 /try to do设法、试图If you can't work out the problem this way,try doing it in that way. 如你用这种方法做不出这道题,试用那种方法。 I'm trying to open the door,but I don't think I can. 我正设法打开门,但我想我是徒劳的。 go on doing继续干某事/go on to do接着又去干一件事。 He was reading when he beard the door bell. He opened the door and went on reading. 他在看书时听到门铃响。他开了门又继续看书。 When he finished doing his homework,he went on to practise playing the piano. 他做完作业后,接着又练习弹钢琴了。 s doing sth. 停止做某事。s to do sth. 停下来去做某事。如 Would you please s talking?Let's listen to the story. 请你们停止说话,我们来听故事。 I'm tired. I want to s to have a rest. 我很累。我想停下来休息一会。 f. be afraid of+动名词与be afraid+动词不定式的区别 be afraid of+动名词表示“害怕并希望避免可以预料的后果”。如 He was afraid of taking the exam because he thought he might fail. 因为他想他可能会不通过,所以他害怕参加考试。 be afraid+动词不定式表示“怕有某种后患而不敢做某事”。如 She was afraid to walk in the dark street. 她怕在黑暗的街道上走路。
3.动名词的逻辑主语
(1 动名词的逻辑主语一般用名词所有格(××’s 或物主代词(my,your,his,her,our,their 充当。这种用名词所有格或物主代词+动名词构成的形式叫复合结构。如 Would you mind my opening the door?我开门,你介意吗?(c. f. Would you mind opening the door?请把门打开。第一句是让你去开门,第二句是我来开门。
(2 在口语中和非正式文体中常用人称代词宾格作动名词的逻辑主语。如 The doctor suggested them having their health check-up once a year. 医生建议他们每年检查一次身体。
(3 但如果有下列情况,必须用名词通格和人称代词宾格作逻辑主语。 a. 逻辑主语是无生命事物或名词词组 The news of the newly opened bank being robbed of wasre-ally unbelievable. 新开张的银行被抢的消息简直不可相信。 b. 逻辑主语是不定代词或指示代词 I don't mind this fish being cooked this way. 我不介意这鱼这样来煮。 Last night,I was frightened by someone knocking at the door. 昨晚,我被敲门声吓了一跳。 c. 逻辑主语是由—s结尾的名词 What made me annoyed was the students calling nicknames to each other. 使我恼火的是学生互相叫外号。
(4 介词+动名词结构作状语的逻辑主语应与主句的主语相一致。如 On seeing her mother,she began to cry.(She saw her mother. She began to cry. 她一见到她的母亲,就哭了。
4. 动名词的否定式 动名词的否定形式是在动名词前加not。例如 His not ing to the party made me angry.他不来参加聚会使我恼火。
5. 动名词的被动式 动名词的被动式,即being+过去分词。例如 The boy likes being praised in public. 那孩子喜欢在大庭广众前受到表扬。
6. 动名词的完成式 动名词的完成式,即having+过去分词,强调动名词的动作发生在谓语动词动作的前面,但也可以用一般式


5.分析一下动名词的用法

如果一个动词加上了ing变成了名词,那么这个词称动名词。 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。


6.动名词的用法、

动名词的作用
动名词具有名词的性质,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 作主语
Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。
Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣
Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。
动名词作主语,在动词的基础上加Ing,是该动词或动词短语,有名词的各种特征,可作名词灵活使用。
It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。
It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。
It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。
There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。
动名词作主语的几种类型
动名词可以在句子中充当名词所能充当的多种句子成分。在这里仅就动名词在句子中作主语的情况进行讨论。
动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况

1. 直接位于句首做主语。例如

Swimming is a good sport in summer.

2. 用 it 作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。

动名词做主语时,不太常用 it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如
It is no use telling him not to worry.
常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有better,wonderful,enjoyable,interesting,foolish,difficult,useless,senseless,worthwhile,等。
注意important,essential,necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。

3. 用于“There be”结构中。例如

There is no saying when he'll e.很难说他何时回来。

4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。例如

No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). (禁止吸烟
No parking. (禁止停车

5. 动名词的复合结构作主语

当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格,构成动名词的复合结构(——这时,名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如
Their ing to help was a great encouragement to us.
6.例词
shopping fishing cycling这些都是很常见的动名词 

二、动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较

动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较
Smoking is not good for health.
It is not good for you to smoke so much.
注意
1)在口语中,用动名词作主语位于句首的较不定式多见。
2)在“It is no use...”,“It is no good...”,“It is fun...”,“It is a waste of time...”等句型中,通常用动名词作真实主语
It is no use/good/a waste of time talking about that.
It is no use/good/a waste of time to talk about that.
3)在疑问句中,通常用动名词的复合结构,而不用不定式的复合结构作主语
Does your saying that mean anything to him?
Does for you to say that mean anything to him?
4)在“There be”句型中,只能用动名词,而不能用不定式作主语
There is no telling what will happen.
It is impossible to tell what will happen.
5)当句子中的主语和表语都是非限定动词时,要遵循前后一致的原则,主语和表语在形式上要求统一
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe. 作宾语
(1 作动词的宾语
某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, sueed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can’t stand, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to,escape 等。如
They went on walking and never sped talking.
他们继续走,说个不停。
I found it pleasant walking along the seashore.
在海滩上走真是乐事。
Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
每当马克违反交通规则时,他常常企图逃避罚款的处分。
(2 作介词的宾语
We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。
Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活?
(3 作形容词的宾语
The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。
We are busy preparing for the ing sports meet. 我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。 作表语
动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.)
What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 作定语
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如
a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking
a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing
a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading
a measuring tape=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuring
sleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping 动名词的逻辑主语
带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格,这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词(名词所有格 是逻辑上的主语,动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。如
Her ing to help encouraged all of us. 他来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。 (=That she came to help encouraged all of us.)
Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble. 简的粗心惹来了不少麻烦。 (=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.)
What’s troubling them is their not having enough food. 烦扰他们的是食物不足。 (=What’s troubling them is that they have not enough food.)
在口语中,如果动名词复合结构作宾语,其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格,名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替,但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。如
Would you mind my/me using your puter? 用下你的电脑介意吗?
The father insisted on his son’s/his son going to college. 爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。
Mary’s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset. 玛丽病了,使她妈妈很着急。
His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。
在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾语
a.无命名词
The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting. 这个婴儿被猛烈的关门声吵醒。
b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义
Have you ever heard of women practising boxing? 你听说过妇女练拳击吗?
c. 两个以上的有生命名词并列
Do you remember your parents and me telling about this? 你记得你父母和我都告诉过你这事吗? 动名词的时态和语态
动名词的时态和语态如下
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
writing
being written
完成式
having written
having been written
其否定形式是在doing前加上not

1、动名词一般式表示的动作通常是一般性动作,即不是明确地发生在过去、现在或将来的动作,或是与谓语动词所表示的动作发生的动作。

I hate talking with such people. 我讨厌与这样的人说话。
Being careless is not a good habit. 粗心不是一个好习惯。

2、动名词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。如

I don’t remember having met him before. 我记不得以前见过他。
Thank you for having taking so much trouble to help. 谢谢你费力帮忙。

3、动名词的逻辑主语也是动名词动作的承受者,动名词用被动语态。

(1 它的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词动作发生,或在其前发生。如
I don’t like being laughed at in public. 在公共场合下,我不喜欢被别人嘲笑。
(2 它的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。如
I am very pleased at your having been honoured with a medal. 我很高兴你能获得这样的奖牌。
(3 在某些动词,我们常用动名词的一般式表示完成式,尽管动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,这似乎是一种强大的习惯。如
Excuse me for being late. 我来晚了请你原谅。
I don’t remember ever meeting somewhere. 我记不得原来在什么地方见过。
Thank you for giving us so much help. 谢谢给我们这么大的帮助。
(4 在多数情况下都避免使用动名词被动语态完成式,而用一般式代替,以免句子显得累赘,尤其是在口语中。如
I fet once being taken (having been taken ) to the city zoo. 我曾被带到过这个动物园,可我忘了。
(5 动名词被动语态一般式与现在分词被动语态一般式同形,但无进行意义,being不可省略。如
She is afraid of being taken to the public. 她怕被领到大众面前。 常见题型
1 动名词做主语时,谓语动词为单数
2 在动名词和不定式中,作为介词的宾语是动名词
3 动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语

I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.
A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you’re calling(KeyC;换成your calling也对
4 有些词后只能接动名词
admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; five; can’t help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...
5 还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法
it’s no good; it’s no/little/hardly any/ use; it’s not/hardly/scarcely use; it’s worthwhile; spend money/time; there’s no; there’s no point in; there’s nothing worse than; what’s the use/point...
6 有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可
remember, fet, try, s, go on, cease, mean后面均可用不定式和-ing形式,但意义截然不容。

remember to do/doing
①I remembered to post the letters.(指未来/过去未来将要做的动作
②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我记得做过这个动作
fet与remember的用法类似。
regret的用法
①I regret to inform you that…(我很遗憾地通知你……
②I regretted having left the firm after twenty years.(为了“二十年前的离开”而遗憾。
try to(努力 与try –ing(试验
①You really must try to overe your shyness.
②Try practicing five hours a day. 动名词与现在分词的同与不同
动名词它在形式上与现在分词相同,都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。在现代语法中,这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。 这两种形式的另一个相同之处是它们都是由动词变化而成的,它们都保留了动词的某些特征,它们都能带自己的宾语、状语,而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。例如
Speaking in the public , he will surely be very cheerful .
(现在分词短语,作状语 他在公众场所讲话时总是兴高采烈的。
She hates speaking in the public.
(动名词短语,作宾语 她不喜欢在公众场所讲话。
区别
1?动名词和现在分词都可以用于系动词之后作表语,区别方法是:
①作表语的动名词与主语指的是同一件事,此时系动词相当于“是”,通常把主语和表语的位置互换,语法和意思不变,例如:
My hobby is swimming.可改为Swimming is my hobby.(可将原句中的主语与表语位置互换)
②现在分词作表语主要用以说明主语的性质,不能与主语互换位置,例如:
The story is interesting .不可改为:Interesting is the story.
2?动名词和现在分词都可以用作定语来修饰名词,两者的区别在于:
动名词修饰名词时主要表示该名词的用途,而现在分词修饰名词时性质?状态或动作等?试比较:
①a swimming boy和a swimming suit
前者的意思是“一个正在游泳的男孩”,即a boy who is swimming ,现在分词swimming 表示被修饰名词boy的动作;而后者的意思是“游泳衣”,即a suit for swimming , 动名词swimming表示suit 的用途?
②a sleeping child 和 a sleeping car
前者的意思是“一个正在睡觉的孩子”,即a child who is sleeping ,现在分词sleeping 表示被修饰名词 child 正处于的状态;而后者的意思是“卧车(被用来睡觉的车厢)”,即 a car which is used for sleeping ,动名词 sleeping 表示car 的用途?


7.动名词的用法和性质


1.worth有名词,介词和形容词词性,此题中用的是形容词词性,意为“值(多少钱 ”、“相当于……的价值”或“值得”等。其后通常接表示钱数的名词或相当于“代价”的比喻性名词,A选项中worth后面什么也没有,所以不能选择。
2.doingthejob现在分词短语(非谓语动词 在此处作effort的后置定语,不是动名词。
3.这里的that是引导词,引导从句,不算句子成分


8.高中英语动名词的用法?

英语中动名词是将动词名词化的手段,其目的是为满足一定的句子成分对词性的需要,如主语,宾语或表语要用名词充当动名词表抽象意义,无复数。 examples;
1.Explaining this problem cost me lots of time.(这里主语是动词短语explan the problem ,须将它名词化
2.My dreams is going aboard someday.(这里的go aboard 动词短语作表语,要名词化 至于enjoy/like 等动词后接动名词,是因为这些动名词在此作宾语,故也要名词化。 现在进行时中的doing不是动名词而是现在分词,分词相当动词。 英语中动词有谓语形式和非谓语形式 前者指当动词用在谓语构成中的谓语形式包括原形,单三式,过去式,现在分词过去分词五种。 后者则指用作非动词,可充当谓语以外的任何一种句子成分,包括动名词doing和不定式 to do. examples:
1.My goal is to enter/entering a -classed university some day.(to enter/entering 宾语 2I e here to see u.(to see u目的状语
3.Glad to meet you here.(to meet 原因状语 4,NO need calling him。


9.动名词的用法和例句

动名词,顾名思义,是做名词用的,可以做主语和宾语,也可以修饰名词。楼上给的那句是一个祈使句,表示命令和要求,句首是动词原型,上面的形式是对的,不用变成adding


10.关于英语中动名词的用法

1.动名词由动词 ing构成,否定形式为not doing,具有动词和名词的性质,在句中起名词作用,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 1 作主语。如 Seeing is believing. Laying eggs is the ant queen’s full-time job. It is no use arguing with him. 注意动名词和不定式都可以作主语,动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为,不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。如 Playing with fire is dangerous. (泛指玩火 To play with fire will be dangerous. (指一具体动作 但在It is no use/good, not any use/good, useless等后常用动名词间或用不定式。 2 作表语。如 Her job is teaching. 3 作宾语。如 He is fond of playing football. I like swimming.
①admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,face,feel,like,finish,five,give up,imagine,include,keep,mention,mind,miss,practise,put off,resist,risk,suggest,can’t help(情不自禁 ,can’t stand(无法忍受 等动词成词组后可以用动名词作宾语,但不能用不定式。
②fet,go on,mean,regret,remember,s,try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别。 Let’s go on studying Lesson
6. (让我们继续学第六课。说明前面已学了一部分。 Let’s go on to study Lesson
6. (让我们接着学第六课。说明前面已学了第五课。 I remember doing the exercise. (我记得做过练习。 I must remember to do it. (我必须记着做这事。 I tried not to go there. (我设法不去那里。 I tried doing it again. (我试着又干了一次。 S speaking. (不要讲话。 He sped to talk. (他停下来讲话。 I mean to e early today. (我打算今天早些来。 Missing the train means waiting for another hour. (误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。
③在allow,advise,forbid,permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语,如果后面有名词或代词作宾语,其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如 We don’t allow smoking here. We don’t allow students to smoke.
④动词need,require,want作“需要”解,其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语表示事情需要做,这时,动名词的主动式表示被动意义。be worth后必须用动名词的主动形式来表示被动意义。如 The window needs/requires/wants cleaning/to be cleaned. Her method is worth trying.
⑤在短语devote to,look forward to,stick to,to be used to,object to,thank you for,excuse me for,be(kept) busy,have difficulty/trouble/problem(in),have a good/wonderful/hard time(in),there’s no use/good/need,feel/seem like/get down to等后的动词也必须用动名词形式,例如 I look forward to hearing from you soon.
⑥在love,hate,prefer,like等动词后用动名词或不定式无多大区别。有时用动名词作宾语时,指一般情况,而跟不定式作宾语时指某一具体行为。
⑦start,begin,continue在书面语中多后接动名词,在口语中多后接不定式。 但start和begin在下列情况下一般跟不定式作宾语当主语是物而不是人时;当start或begin以-ing形式出现时,当后面作宾语的动词表示感情、思想或意念时。如 It started to snow. He is beginning to cook dinner. I began to understand what he meant.
⑧在should(would) like/love等后须用不定式。 4 作定语,例如 He has a reading room. 2.动名词的复合结构 动名词的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动名词构成。在句子开头必须用名词所有格或物主代词。如果动名词的复合结构作宾语,其逻辑主语是无生命的名词时,用普通格。如 His ing made me very happy. Mary’s crying annoyed him. She didn’t mind his crying. Is there any hope of Xiao Wang’s winning.?He insists on the plan being carried out. 3.动名词的时态和语态 动名词的时态分一般式和完成式两种,如果动名词的动作没有明确地表示出时间是与谓语词所表示的动作发生或在谓语动词所表示的动作以前发生,用动名词的一般式。如 We are interested in playing chess. His ing will be of great help to us. 如果动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,通常用动名词的完成时态。如 I’m sorry for not having kept my promise. 在某些动词或词组后,常用动名词的一般形式,尽管其动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的。如Excuse me for ing late. 主语是动名词所表示的动作的对象时,动名词用被动语态。被动语态由“being 过去分词”或“having been 过去分词”构成。后一种一般很少使用,以免使句子显得累赘。如 He likes being helped. He was afraid of being left at home. I don’t remember having ever been given a chance to do it. 有不会的可以再问我

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